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CVE-2026-25056

CRITICAL

n8n Merge Node has Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE

Published February 4, 2026Updated February 4, 2026Source: osv

Summary

## Impact A vulnerability in the Merge node's SQL Query mode allowed authenticated users with permission to create or modify workflows to write arbitrary files to the n8n server's filesystem potentially leading to remote code execution. ## Patches The issue has been fixed in n8n version 2.4.0, 1.118.0. Users should upgrade to this version or later to remediate the vulnerability. ## Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only. - Disable or restrict use of the Merge node if not essential for operations. - Review workflows for suspicious use of the Merge node's SQL Query mode. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures. ## **Resources** - [n8n Documentation — Blocking nodes](https://docs.n8n.io/hosting/securing/blocking-nodes/) — how to globally disable specific nodes --- n8n has adopted CVSS 4.0 as primary score for all security advisories. CVSS 3.1 vector strings are provided for backwards compatibility. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Remediation

Upgrade to the fixed version using your package manager.

npm
Update n8n to 2.4.0 or later
npm install n8n@2.4.0
npm
Update n8n to 1.118.0 or later
npm install n8n@1.118.0

After upgrading, run your dependency scanner again to confirm the vulnerability is resolved.

Affected Packages (2)

PackageEcosystemAffectedFixed In
n8n
npm
All versions2.4.0
n8n
npm
All versions1.118.0

Vulnerability Classification

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) identifiers for this vulnerability type.

  • CWE-434
    Unrestricted File UploadMITRE
  • CWE-693
    Protection Mechanism FailureMITRE

CVSS Score Breakdown

What the CVSS (Common Vulnerability Scoring System) 9.9 score means for each attack dimension.

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-25056?
n8n Merge Node has Arbitrary File Write leading to RCE This vulnerability has been assigned a severity rating of CRITICAL (CVSS score: 9.9/10).
How do I check if my project is affected by CVE-2026-25056?
CVE-2026-25056 affects n8n. Use GeekWala's free vulnerability scanner to check your dependencies against CVE-2026-25056 and 200,000+ other known vulnerabilities.

Severity & Exploitability

CVSS Score
9.9

Exploitation is straightforward and causes maximum impact. Patch immediately.

Also Known As

GHSA-hv53-3329-vmrm

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